New Clues to the Ancient History of the UAE and Oman Uncovered by NYUAD-Sponsored Team

Unusually heavy winter rains helped to reveal new insights into how the region’s ancestors lived

Press Release

A team of researchers from NYU Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), the Penn Museum, University of Pennsylvania, and Michigan State University have uncovered exciting new details about the prehistory of the UAE and Oman at Bat. The archaeological site of Bat is an oasis settlement and necropolis located in the arid piedmont of the Hajar Mountains in the Sultanate of Oman, where the Bat Archaeological Project (BAP) has carried out field research since 2007. 

Heavy rains this winter revealed new patterns of ancient life at the site in Oman. Working in collaboration with the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism in Oman, researchers discovered a new settlement area away from the center of the site. Despite being far from any oasis, homes appear to have been organized around an above-ground water source - the first time such a settlement pattern has been observed and a finding that will force researchers to think afresh about how the environment shaped ancient civilization in the region.  

The project was co-directed by Humanities Research Fellow at NYUAD Eli Dollarhide, and Visiting Assistant Professor at the American University of Beirut and Consulting Fellow at the Penn Museum, University of Pennsylvania Jennifer Swerida, and Research Fellow at the University of New England and Research Fellow at Michigan State University Charlotte Marie Cable. Scholars, site representatives from the Management Office of the Site Asma bint Rashid Al Jassassi, and students from across the globe took part in this interdisciplinary project. 

"Our research shows that even 5,000 years ago, people living in ancient southeastern Arabia were using and controlling their environments in creative ways. There are many lessons about sustainability that we can learn from the past."

Humanities Research Fellow at NYUAD Eli Dollarhide

With the assistance of a specialist from the New Bulgarian University, Professor Petranka Nedelcheva, the BAP has begun a new study of stone tools from the site, which are the oldest type of artifact found in the region. Some of these objects, which include scrapers, knives, and sickles, are over 8,000 years old. Other artifacts found at Bat this year, such as pottery and carnelian beads, identify the connections between this prehistoric site and its ancient neighbors, in Arabia and beyond. The study suggests that even in prehistory, Southeastern Arabia was part of wide trade networks that spanned across the Arabian Peninsula, the Middle East, and South Asia. 

In addition, the project is using a botanical survey of plants growing around Bat to add to the body of evidence about climate change in the region and help scholars and the public envision how the ancient landscape might have looked.

"Archaeological sites, like Bat, show us that Southeastern Arabia has long been a vital link in regional and global trade networks. Today, these sites offer a way to connect past and present communities in the region."

Research Fellow at the University of New England and Research Fellow at Michigan State University Charlotte Marie Cable

The excavations at the site explore the Umm an-Nar period, a time during the Bronze Age when the modern-day Oman and UAE were known as “Magan.” The Bat Archaeological Project’s recent research has been key to improving understanding of ancient people’s choice of location, their living environment and use of natural resources.

The research is funded by the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism in Oman and the NYUAD Institute, in partnership with the Penn Museum, University of Pennsylvania, the Center for the Study of Human Origins at NYU New York.

    


About NYU Abu Dhabi

NYU Abu Dhabi is the first comprehensive liberal arts and research campus in the Middle East to be operated abroad by a major American research university. NYU Abu Dhabi has integrated a highly selective undergraduate curriculum across the disciplines with a world center for advanced research and scholarship. The university enables its students in the sciences, engineering, social sciences, humanities, and arts to succeed in an increasingly interdependent world and advance cooperation and progress on humanity’s shared challenges. NYU Abu Dhabi’s high-achieving students have come from over 115 countries and speak over 115 languages. Together, NYU's campuses in New York, Abu Dhabi, and Shanghai form the backbone of a unique global university, giving faculty and students opportunities to experience varied learning environments and immersion in other cultures at one or more of the numerous study-abroad sites NYU maintains on six continents.